JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA)

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JSA stands for job safety analysis. JSA is a procedure of analyzing jobs for the purpose of finding the hazards or dangers in each step and developing safety precautions in order to reduce the risk of injury to workers.  A job safety analysis is usually conducted through a series of steps to look at the task, identify any hazards, propose and implement a solution, and check again.

A Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is one of the risk assessment tools used to identify and control workplace hazards. But completing a JSA every day, for every job site, requires a lot of time and effort.

Safety is always a concern on the job site. Safety hazards can put workers in danger, cause serious illness or injury and potentially lead to devastating lawsuits. That’s why many businesses use the (JSA) Job Safety Analysis to help mitigate health and safety risks on work sites. Though this technique can be applied at any stage, it is most useful at the stage of planning, design, and starting the process.

It can be used to review job methods and uncover hazards (a) that may have been overlooked at the design or planning stage of plant layout, building, machinery, equipment, tool, workstations, processes, etc. (b) that were noticed subsequently (c) that were resulted from changes in work procedure or personnel. It is the first step in hazard or accident analysis and safety training.

It determines details of each job in terms of duties, skills, abilities, qualification, safety aspect, tools required, methods, the sequence of operation, and working conditions. It is useful for routine or repetitive jobs as well as maintenance and short orders. A job safety analysis is also called JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS.

What is Job hazard analysis?

JHA stands for Job hazard analysis. A Job Hazard Analysis is a technique that helps you to identify the most hazardous jobs in your workplace, determine what the hazards and potential consequences of these jobs are, and develop corrective and preventative measures to eliminate or reduce the risk of an accident or hazard. (A job hazard analysis is a technique that focuses on job tasks as a way to identify hazards before they occur).

A Job Hazard Analysis breaks each individual job into the tasks that are correlated with that job. Then you identify the various hazards that are associated with that task.

Advantages of Job Safety Analysis

  1. It suggests what personal characteristics such as age, sex, qualification, skill, experience, abilities, physical standards etc. are necessary for selecting a right man for a right job.
  2. The job breakdown sheets are useful to train new workers in proper sequence of doing the job safely and efficiently.
  3. The hazards are noticed before they cause any accident.
  4. It suggests preventive measures in advance to avoid accidents.
  5. It helps for planned and effective safety inspection and accident investigation.
  6. It suggests improved job methods, motions, positions, actions and work standards.
  7. Proper organisation of methods consistent with accepted safe and efficient practices.
  8. Preplanning, preparedness and propel performance can be started by executing properly the requirements of the operation.

Procedure of Job Safety Analysis

The process of creating a job safety analysis report is generally broken down into six steps.

  • Step 1: Describe the job and the sequence of job steps
  • Step 2: Identification of the potential hazards of each step
  • Step 3: Determine who and/or what is at potential risk
  • Step 4: Description of the recommended safe job procedure
  • Step 5: Identification of what might go wrong
  • Step 6: Identification of back up controls

Jobs with the potential for more frequent accidents, severe injuries, and new jobs wherein hazards are unknown should be selected first. The job should be broken down in proper sequence and steps. The operation, description, hazards (existing or potential) and precautions should be mentioned.

To identify hazards observe the operations as many times as necessary, ask the operator concerned or others having good knowledge of that job, and list the hazards in each step. Consider all possibilities of accident, failure mode, and effect, etc.

The safe solution to the hazards noticed may be worked out by (a) finding a new method to do the job (b) changing the physical conditions creating hazards (c) eliminating hazards still present or changing the work procedure (d) reducing the need of doing that job or at least the frequency of the job and (e) suggesting personal protective equipment if any.

All of the above findings should be recorded on the Job Breakdown Sheet (Job sheet or Job instruction sheet) and it should be explained to operators and trainees to perform the job safely. Job safety analysis should be carried out by a person well conversant with the job. The supervisor is well suited for this. Where a safety officer is appointed he may carry out the analysis jointly with the supervisor.

After completing a JSA(Job Safety Analysis) properly, you will have identified potential hazards and propose potential ways to eliminate them.


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